Makhmali is not an English word.. it looks more like an East Indian word. I would guess it is pronounced "mak" "ma" "li" with the "h" being silent. Kebab is also not originally an English word .. pronounced "kuh"-"bab" or "kuh"-"bob". Hope that helps.

We use "24 hours a day" to specify a length of time that something happens or someone does something. For example - "The shop is open 24 hours a day.". This is a set expression the same as "eight hours a day" or "seven days a week". It suggests an ongoing action or habit. But if we are talking about what a day is made up of we use "in" - "There are 24 hours in a day. " like "There are seven days in a week".

If you think on your feet it means you are quick thinking. The “way to.." part is complementary (slang) so in other words - "I congratulate you on your quick thinking." That was a close one.. means it was a narrow escape. Something bad almost happened.

Maybe the cave has a small entrance so as they enter they use two or more sides to support themselves as they climb down. Alternatively as there are two or more people, they approach the descent from different sides.

When comparing environmentally friendly vehicles, it is the 'efficiency' and emissions standards that are the deciding factors (measurements). Efficiency / Effizienz - wie viel Benzin wird gebraucht um einen Kilometer zu fahren.

Maybe he is a king or lord (royal).. he wants his orders (his command) to be followed (obeyed), so he clamors (makes loud noises / shouts ). Sorry, I didn't read the full sentence.. it is his blood that is clamoring not the person.

I think you mean I've been studying Chinese for two months - 我学习中文已经有两个月了（已经有两个月的时间）／ 我学中文两个月了 你学中文多久了？ ／ 你学习中文有多长时间了？

I would say they are both pretty much the same. Break an egg is more common though.