Some short questions

1_What does mean 趟in this sentence?
我还麻烦你跑一趟。

趟 is similar "trip". But, in this sentence, 跑一趟 means "go to where to do something for me". You can use "跑一趟" as a phrase.
2_What does mean 下边的同学in this sentence?
下边的同学快上来吧，要开车了。

In this sentence, 下边的同学 means " the students who haven't get on the bus".
3_how to say (take care) in Chinese?

Take care!=保重！

4_What does mean this sentence In English?
不回来的同学跟我说一声

说一声=inform

"不回来的同学跟我说一声" is similar "Please inform me if you don't come back".

Todays sentences from HSK

弄有几个儿子？- How many sons do you have?

你有幾個兒子?

我有一个儿子。 - I have one son.

昨天我看电视了。- Yesterday I watched TV.

昨天，我看了電視。or 我昨天看了電視。

我·会说汉语。- I can speak Chinese.
他吃一点。 - He eats a little.

他吃了一點點。

我明天坐飞机去北京。- I fly to Beijing tomorrow.

Why do we say "昨天我” but “我明天”？

"昨天，我”and "我昨天" are both ok.

Chinese say "yesterdat"',"today",and "tommorrow" in the first word of a senstence due to emphaasize it, so the tone should slightly pause. 

在学习中文

2012年，为学习中文我在昆明上学了半年了。

2012年的時候，我為了學習中文而在昆明上了半年課程。

回国后，没有什么的说中文的机会，也没有遇到中国朋友的机会，现在很希望寻找到一位语言交换朋友。

回國後，沒有什麼說中文的機會，也沒有遇到中國朋友的機會，現在很希望找到一位語言交換的朋友。

大學上寒假

As far as I know, tomorrow we should have the last classes this year.

據我所知，明天該是今年最後的課程。(you can ignore "we")

Considering all the sleepless nights, and my grades not always reflecting the amount of work I put into studying;I could really use some time off.

鑑於徹夜未眠的夜晚，且我的成績並非總是反映我的努力；我終於可以有一些休息時間。

I'll probably still have to prepare a bit for the term-final exams, and I do study Chinese on my own on top of that (as the pace at which it is taught at the university isn't particularly challenging).

我可能還得準備一下期末考，且在期末考逼近之前自己念中文。(因為大學所教的進度並沒有特別困難)(It is no "relative clause" in Chinese.)

At least I won't have to be getting up early to catch my train, and so on.

至少我不需要早起趕火車之類的。

I just need to make sure I do the groceries before all the shops close (due to Christmas and all).

我只需要在店打烊之前確定買好東西。(因為聖誕節都關店了)

week 11

A: 早饭吃什么?
B: 三明治。
A: 我的杯子在那里？
B: 在客庁的桌子上。

我在邊和喝茶，邊看电脑。

我现在晚饭个月不晚饭, 可是我喝果汁。(I do'nt know what your mean? )

我的早饭

你吃早饭了吗？
没有。我现在在地铁。
你饿吗？
我很饿。我要喝Kefir和吃三明治。
Kefir是发酵乳饮料。

大學上快放寒假

據我所知，明天該是今年最後的些課。因為失眠，和就算再努力，還是有時成績有時還是不足不夠好；。所以但是我就挺高興，終於可以休息一下。大概不過還必須為一月份的測試考試做準備，而且所以我天天自學中文（在大學的配速進度還太慢慢啊）。至少不必早上起床去火車站等等。只要在每一家店（因為聖誕）打烊前買東西。哈哈！

Could you post this artical again in English? Let me make sure the  correction is right.