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Courtly love : loving and respecting the loved one in the Middle Ages
Courtly love was an aspect ("kind" or "type" would be better word choice) of love that existed during the Middles Ages. Many troubadours wrote poems about this way of loving
Courtly love mainly existed in the upper classes and it was based on some specific aspects : courtesy, fidelity, honesty, politeness towards the loved one. This love had nothing to do with marriage and the feelings expressed in courtly love were made between two persons who were not married. Generally, this kind of love was expressed between a man to a married woman. The woman often showed some distance towards her "pretender" trying to make him understand she was unattainable
Courtly love was often an idealized love that led to a lot of frustration and sorrow for the person who was deeply in love. The particularity of this love was to express and not express the feeling of love knowing that in the end, both of the partners may never be a couple. It was close to an impossible love and this love was also very secretive (secret? secretive is correct!). In a way, it was a sort of adultary without any physical consumption (consummation).
When a man had to express his feelings, he had to do it in a courteous way paying attention to always respecting the woman he was in love in. If ever the woman fell in love too with this man, the man had to do everything she wanted to show he was totally hers.
This way of loving may have not existed for real. It may have existed in some aspects during the Middle Ages. Many troubadours wrote famous courtly love stories. Two such examples are For example, Tristan and Iseult or even the impossible love story between king Arthur and Gueniver. The poems often described what real love was, how a powerful and pure feeling of love could impact someone. It showed how people had to handle their feelings, emotions and body language when they were deeply in love. If this love was shared, then they reached a "fin'amor" that was a real, sincere and deep love shared between two persons. The lovers followed their instincts more than their reason.
The poems showed how the love relationships between two persons evolved sometimes for the best or for the worst.
Courtly love ended around the 13th century.
Summary of Tristan and Iseult
Tristan falls in love with Iseult when both of them drank (drink) a love potion by accident and they can't help but love each other. However, Iseult has to marry Tristan's uncle who tries to separate the lovers. Tristan gets married but can't forget Iseult. He will be (is) poisoned during a trip. Iseult dies of sorrow when she sees Tristan's dead bodyStaying in present tense for all of the summary would be appropriate.
The sentence that begins "For example" is a fragment- my suggestion isn't the best solution ( you have a few choices you could make here).
I enjoyed reading this! Thanks for sharing. :-)
0 votedApril 14, 20193My garden
In my garden there are 2 tall trees. One of them is a Pine. I like this tree because his shape as same as it is shaped like a beach umbrella.
In my garden there are several varieties of flowers, and all have different colors: pink, white, yellow, purple .... It's very beautiful.
I like to walk in my garden.
I listen to birds singing, I look at butterflys flying and the vegetation transforming.
In the one part of it, there is a little vegetable garden.
I like to plant some vegetables ; for example: salads, tomatos, zucchinis, potatos and aromatics plants.
In summer, when it's sunny, I like to take my breakfast in my garden and I pass many hours there to contemplate.
It's so wonderful. (thank you for the correction)Hello! I enjoyed reading your entry- bon travail! :-) a few suggestions on word choice:
salads: lettuce (a "salad" is usually used for a medley of vegetables and other foods)
take: eat is more commonly used (at least in American English)
contemplate: this verb needs an object- what do you contemplate in your garden? Or, you could use the adverb "I pass many contemplative hours there"
0 votedApril 13, 20190My very first "entrée de calepin"
Hi everyone !
This is my very first "entrée de calepin" (how do you say it in english ? diary entry note ?). "Calepin" is a very old french word and even for me it's kind of weird using it. Anyway, I am have not been on "italki" for more than a year now, however and I've never taken the time to write something hoping someone would correct my english... Actually, I registered on this website to improve my japanese (speaking and listening)... My english is far from perfect, but I never felt the "need" to have it corrected... I took the IELTS test two years ago, and my score was equivalent of C1 (C2 in comprehension skills).
But now I have the feeling that I don't make am not making any progress anymore. and Even if when I speak with my american friends studying in France, and they fully understand me, I know that I make mistakes. and I would like to correct them and get a better level in english, especially speaking and writing. I still get confused with preterit and present perfect ...
About me,
My name's Alice, I'm nearly 25 years old, living in Lyon but soon moving out to Paris. I have two cats, one of them is a british longhair, he's so fluffy... He makes everyone's heart melt.
I'm studying screen writing, and my favorite movies director is Denis Villeneuve.
Thank you for correcting my text, wish you the best0 votedMay 23, 20181.help me pleas it's an subject important for me it's an letter
Dear Laura,
Thank you for your letter. Sorry for not answerring you quickly. I had a lot of exams.
I am very happy to telle you about one of our strange celebrations called achoura.
Well , each yerar on the 10 of moharram we celebrate achoura . It is a religious celebration in which we do a lot of activities . a few days before, parents will would buy toys and dolls for their children . On this day , families gather to gather to have speacial meals, and offers almas to the poors , and have street celebrations ,.
so as you see, adults consider achoura a religious and cultiral occasions while kids consider it a day of fun .
please would you give my best regards to all your family.
Bye for now,Salma
*I did not correct all of the spelling mistakes- hopefully screen shows when you have a spelling error and you can use a spell check or a dictionary..*Also remember to use a Capital letter as the first letter of each word that starts a sentence- there are a few that I corrected and a few that I did not.
0 votedMay 10, 20180Don't say to your correspondents you are old and ugly…
…they will believe you are a young and pretty French woman, and that you live in Paris in a charming house from the Montmartre district. Alas, in reality, I am an old man who lives in the Périgord Noir, a country filled castles and old medieval villages. A more terrible mistake: I even put even my photography believing that was mandatory. Since I row to find regular correspondents for months. Oh, I have well had some epistolary exchanges from all many countries. I talked with Greeks who learn Spanish, Tunisians who study Russian, Russians who work on their German, young, kids, olds elderly, all kinds but very inconstant inconsistent. Enthusiastic for a day, gone the next day. You cannot say that I don't make efforts!
When by luckychance I have a contact with an anglophone who is learning French, I am very caring with him. I love to help, to be accurate in my corrections and to give explanations and advice. It is not for nothing that on Busuu's learning website (learning site), thirteen correspondents gave me the Award for the best correction. It has to sell myself well a bit. Isn't?
Alas, last deception today. Since For months I was exchanging with a person from New-york city; they were very studious, but there are for several weeks I have no news. It is why I have had a fancy wanted to write this text today.
I believe that in our world there is intergenerational segregation, that the great majority of correspondents are young and that one is more judged about our appearance than on the reality of what of we are actually. It is a pity.(I think you're referring to a "photograph" of yourself rather than "photography" you have taken.)
(I'm not sure of the meaning you're looking for with "row")
(When "I am lucky" - if you prefer "luck" to "chance," but the meaning is essentially the same)
(Your choice here: "I had a fancy to..." or "I wanted to" - they are synonyms, so whichever you like the sound of)
0 votedMay 8, 20180Language family tree continuation
Latin and Sanskrit are the fundamental languages that settled on the boundaries of the Indo-european expanse. Then, western idioms splitted into some language subgroups: Romance (Spanish, etc), Germanic (English, etc) and Slavic (Russian, etc ). while At the same time, Sanskrit splitted between northern Indian languages and Farsi ( If i'm not wrong )(you have several choices that would be "correct" for the description of how the languages split into subgroups- this is just one idea that might make it easier for your reader).
Mandarin is perfect to approach the diversity of Chinese languages. Even if Vietnamese, Japanese and Korean... aren't Sino-tibetan languages, they have adopted, and then, some of them have since abandonned, the ideographic writting system that originated from China. plus, Mandarin is alsoit's a tonal tongue; it's like to singing.("approach" might not be the best word choice- not sure of the intended meaning there- perhaps "Of all the Chinese languages, Mandarin is the perfect language to study first...")
Arabic is the key for the whole Afro-asiatic world, ( even if each region has its local dialect). contrarily Contrary to Indo-european and Chinese languages, Arabic is really consonantic. I like the fact that these languages are related to the civilizations that have created writing systems, such as the Egyptians who were also speaking a semitic language.
(Austronesian) Malayo-polynesian group is fascinating. Most of the family groups have a continuum that spread on the ground. This group seems to spread through the ocean. Speakers are settled on islands, from Madagascar to Hawaii, crossing Oceania’s Islands. As Indonesia is in the middle, let’s say Bahasa Indonesia and Malay are the entrance doors of these « sea-languages ».
Then, Ouralo-altaic is a debated group. It could include Turkish, Monghol, Tunghuns, Mandchu... ( some people even include Japanese and Korean, but it seems to be a rejected theory. No matter it’s a non official group, I depict Ouralo-altaic languages with the images of vast plains and steppes crossed by knights on horses. Yep, I assume Attila and Ghengis Khan were speaking ouralo-altaic languages. And yep, Dothraki's Idiom seems to be partly inspired by that :p0 votedMay 6, 20182A great insparation
When I was at university, I was inspired by the professor who teaches taught me Economics. He has a studio for that course in russia. He told spoke the course with eloquence, and he we mastered each capter of the course text. In that time when we have had Economics course we were motivated because for the three or four hours it was very interesting. Moreover he told in thé course several jokes in order to amuse class for a few minutes. I also remember also that when some students distracted the course class he put them outside. He was rigorous. A part from that, he practiced economy. He grec grew? many hectares and produced some cultures. He believed in agriculture and he invested himself in that business.0 votedApril 21, 20181Some people say that the Internet provides people with a lot of valuable information.
I concur with the idea that the Internet provides people with valuable information. (Some teachers like when you take the prompt and use it to create your topic sentence. Revising this is debatable- I would be tempted to leave it as is.)
However, it all depends on what kind of information you are looking for and especially if whether or not you know how to check the sources of the information. The first example that comes to my mind as of the Internet to be beneficial in providing beneficial information is the website Coursera, It is a platform that offers plenty of online courses delivered by universities around the world. Access to education has never been so democratic and easy thanks to the Internet. I, for instance, took a class in Anatomy. With my background in literature, I have never been offered to attend a class on this subject. It was For me, a door opened to broaden my education. Moreover, the Internet promptly gives information on countless topics. You do not need to plan a trip to the library or go to a bookstore to search for basic information: it is right at your fingertips. It comes in very handy, for example, when, at the last minute, you plan to invite some friends over and need to look up a recipe for example. On the other hand, I do understand why some people would argue that the Internet does not provide valuable information. The recent US election and a lot of what we see from social media recently tend to be distorted information. The special investigation conducted by Robert Mueller is bringing up evidence of Russian collusion with the election. One of the crimes they are being accused of is the conduct of social media campaigns, which were aiming at misleading voters by spreading fake news about the candidate's opponent candidate. Such cases reveal how important it is to check the sources of what we read. Unfortunately, the way we use the Internet, especially through social media, does not leave room for analysis and scrutiny of those sources. Even for people who think they would not fall into the trap of misinformation are misled too. To sum up, the Internet is a magnificent tool when it comes to sharing and spreading knowledge, but it also can be used as a weapon to spread fake news and control people’s opinion.0 votedApril 13, 201812-Cover letter
My serious work and my professionnel skills are known by my superiors and collaborators. Source of proposal, I am solution oriented, and my capacity to manage and to anticipate situations which can turn out to be difficult is a stabilizing factor of stability and for success within a service.
I’m available as soon as possible if you would like to meet in order to further discuss my interest and experience for this post.
Thank you for your consideration. and I’m looking forward to meeting and exchanging with you.
Yours faithfully madam, sir0 votedApril 13, 20181
