They are completely different.
康园园 has explained the difference quite well and here I just want to add some comments.
It is not very polite to say “你爱听不听”(feeling angry), a better way to express this might be "你不听也罢“ (feeling powerless)
e.g. (Two students have discussed on one homework problem for quite a long time) A: “这样肯定还是不对啊...” B:"正确做法我已经告诉你了,你爱听不听。"
It is not very common to say "你爱不爱听?" directly, usually you would expect to see an objective following up.
e.g. “你爱不爱听音乐?" or "你爱不爱听广播?"