How do you know which syllable is supposed to be stressed in verbs? (Eg "ascòlto" vs "àbito")
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Answers · 3
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Hi Omer, as Stuart pointed out I think this is something you learn along the way.
There are different types of words in Italian depending on which syllable is stressed:
• Parole tronche (or ossitone): Words stressed on the last syllable
liquidità, così, interpretò
• Piane (or parossitone): Words stressed on the penultimate syllable
caténa, farfallìna, piàno
• Sdrucciole (or proparossitone): Words stressed on the third to last syllable
fabbricàrono, èpico, invisìbile
• Parole bisdrucciole (very rare): Words stressed on the fourth from last syllable
assottìgliameli, ricòrdatela
• Trisdrucciole (just as rare): Words stressed on the fifth from last syllable
òccupatene
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Thanks, Stuart. I wish dictionaries addressed this issue though...
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I think this is just something you pick up over time, I don’t think there are any rules necessarily. However it’s worth noticing that the stress changes based on tense and conjugation as well
Ascoltàre
Io ascòlto
Tu ascòlti
Lui/lei ascòlta
Noi ascoltiàmo
Voi ascoltàte
Loro ascòltano
Abitàre
Io àbito
Tu àbiti
Lui/lei àbita
Noi abitiàmo
Voi abitàte
Loro àbitano
You see that in noi and voi the stress is no longer on the same vowel, and then jumps back for loro. There’s also something similar when we we use the imperfect;
Ascoltàvo
Ascoltàvi
Ascoltàva
Ascoltavàmo
Ascoltavàte
Ascoltàvano
Abitàvo
Abitàvi
Abitàva
Abitavàmo
Abitavàte
Abitàvano
That should help somewhat, and if you’re fairly new to italian I’d recommend that when you learn a new verb you practice saying aloud all the different conjugations like that (at least in the present tense) so that you start getting used to the cadence.
The best piece of advice that I ever got from my italian teacher was that there’s always music in the Italian language. Try to use that as your guide!
EDIT: I think it can be accepted as a rough guide that usually in Italian words the stress falls on the second last syllable, however as you’ve demonstrated above this isn’t always true. I also don’t think it’s that helpful to think of it that way.
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