Corrections · 4
Die Bremer Stadtmusikanten
Aber der Esel merkte, dass sein Herr etwas Böses im Sinn hatte, lief fort und machte sich auf den Weg nach Bremen.
-However,the donkey realised that its lord had something evil in his mind, (so) it ran away and made its path to Bremen.
It's an enumeration of sentences: "Der Esel merkte ..., lief ... und machte ...". The additional "so" changes the meaning here.
Als er schon eine Weile gegangen war, fand er einen Jagdhund am Wege liegen, der jämmerlich heulte. „Warum heulst du denn so, Packan?“ fragte der Esel.
'Why are you howling, Packan?'
Packan = the name of the dog. Similarly, the cat is called "Bartputzer". It's a fairy tale, so the name has a meaning: "pack (es) an!" = just do it, go about it, ...
1- why does the story sometimes call 'it' and sometimes 'he' when mentioning of the donkey?
It does? I only see "er" <- "der Esel". German uses normally the grammatical gender for pronouns, not the actual gender.
2- Are my additions unnecessary?
They certainly make the translation smoother, so in that sense they are not unnecessary. However, the original text can be understood just fine without them.
You should also keep in mind that this is not old-fashioned German, and is stylistically different and a bit more complicated than modern German.
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