the mean of '-지다' is 'become', 'be changed', similar to '-하게 되다'. ex) 좋아지다 - become good = 좋게 되다 but, mean of 'verb-지다' is passive meaning. ex) 만들어지다 - be made

these verbs are present tense. in korean, present tense form is '-ㅂ니다'. this form is literary form, so it is used in writing and military. before, you need to know that many korean verbs are made by "noun+verb '하다'." form. ex) 공부(noun)+하다(verb) = 공부하다 (to study) 입니다 = to be (이다+ㅂ니다) 저는 브라질 학생입니다 = I am brazilian student. 마십니다 = to drink (마시다+ㅂ니다) 저는 커피를 마십니다 = I drink coffee. 공부합니다. = to study (공부+하다+ㅂ니다) 저는 영어를 공부합니다. = I study english. in spoken, korean present tense form is '-(어/아)요'. in the beginning level, the exceptions of this form are that - first, '이다' become '이에요', second, '하다' become '해요'. (먹다) 먹습니다 = 먹어요 to eat (찾다) 찾습니다 = 찾아요 to find (가다) 갑니다 = 가요 to go (서다) 섭니다 = 서요 to stand (하다) 공부합니다 = 공부해요 to study (이다) 학생입니다 = 학생이에요 to be

Normally, it is possible to interchange '~하기' and '~하는 것'. for example, 나는 책 읽기를 좋아한다. = 나는 책 읽는 것을 좋아한다. but it is used one of them in some cases. 서울에서 먹는 것이 대구에서 먹는 것보다 비싸요. (O) 서울에서 먹기가 대구에서 먹기보다 비싸요. (now wrong, but normally not used.) in Korean language, there is this form. A 보다 B가 ~하기 좋다, (나쁘다, 낫다) ex) 서울보다 대구가 놀기 좋다. (Daegu is better than Seoul to hang out) if you say '서울에서 살기보다 대구에서 살기 더 싸요. ' , korean understand it, but they feel unnatural. in this form, normally it is used '~하는 것'. Korean normally says that '서울에서 사는 것보다 대구에서 사는 게 더 싸요'. (게 = short form of '것이') 서울에서 사는 것이 대구에서 사는 것보다 더 싸다. it is possible to understand two means. because 살다 and 사다's '~하는 것' forms are same. and it is not strange meaning in this sentence. but normally, '사는 것' in this sentence signify 'buying' in writing. but 55:45? so, you need to understand situation to understand exactly. 나는 서울에서 사는 거를 좋아한다. in the writing, normally '나는 서울에서 사는 것을 좋아한다'. 2. 이 노트북에 가장 빠른 거에요 = 이 노트북이 가장 빠른 것이에요. '거에요' is short form of '것이에요'.

갈래요 and 가고 싶어요 's mean simillar. in normal situation, this two words are almost same. and there is decision in 갈래요, there is wish in 가고 싶어요. so, 갈래요 - I decided to go. 가고 싶어요 - I want to go. but sometimes, they become very different mean, especially in question. 집에 갈래요? 1. do you want to go home? (want to know either going or not to go) 2. shall we go home? 집에 가고 싶어요? do you want to go home? and these become different means in impossible or difficult situation to go back. 집에 갈래요. normally, it is not used in impossible situation. if you say this when you can't go back, it shows your decision with giving up or grizzling. 집에 가고 싶어요. normally, it is used in impossible situation very well. this sentence able to use express wish. in this case, the mean is that I wish return to home but i can't do that.