I think the sentence itself is sort of stilted. It reads like something written by someone who speaks English as a second language. The "the" between "Mexico" and "ancient" should be replaced with a comma "Among the tall mountains of Mexico, ancient life goes on…" The basic gist of the sentence is that mountain communities in Mexico have similar lives to their ancestors, following the same traditions and subsisting in largely the same way as they did thousands of years ago. "Life goes on" it is an idiom that loosely means "life continues as normal". If something "goes on," it means it continues. In a semi casual setting (e.g. after someone has proposed something to you), you may say "Go on" with an upward inflection to show that you're interested and want them to go into more detail (think of it like saying "keep talking"). Conversely, you may have come across the phrase "going on and on", which is used to imply that something is long and boring. Try reading around to find more examples of contexts where it would be appropriate, as it isn't always interchangeable with "continue," depending on the context.