How to learn pronunce the letters ? ç, ğ, ö, ş, ü.

How to learn writing and reading and to remember learnt sentences better ? For example: (Nǐ hǎo) - 你好, (Nǐ hǎo ma?) - 你好吗？, ( Xièxie nǐ) - 谢谢你, (Nǐ jiào shénme míngzi?) - 你叫什么名字？But its hard to remember how to wtite from pinyin to the scripts :-/ Maybe firstly I sould learn pinyin, and after that try learn to remember read and write ?

How to start reading and writing(and including on hand) in Arabic script ? For example: سلام, صباح الخير, أهلا صديقي, أراك في مابعد Some of this i remember what it means, but I still can't understand how to read the phrases or sentences :-(