what is the difference between chemical component and chemical composition

How to say the phenomenon that materail immediately melt to gas at 1000°C? carbonization or pyrolysis?

If something immediatly melt and became gas at above1000°C, how to say this using one word or two word?

The ice dissolves with the inceasing (or increased?, which one is right?)temperture.

what is the difference between liquid permeability and liquid uptake?

Life style I translated my diary which was written in Japanese. Few days ago, two professors who taught me at graduate school of university and I had the year-end party. These two professors have retired for two or three years. Now their lives are depending on the national pension plan, so they are still doing some part-time jobs. One of them is working at private university as a lecturer. At free time, he enjoys rebuilding his old house in the country. I think it is a standard life style for a retired professor. However, the other one who is also my benefactor is working at the disaster prevention center of hospital in shifts for resolving his family’s financial problem. His job is to watch and inspect kinds of equipment. Sometimes after the night shift, he is asked to work in the day shift immediately. This made me surprised. He gave up his PhD degree and his research field, even his pride. When I asked him ‘are your true about this?’ he said ‘yes, of course, I am a weed, I can live in everywhere. ’Although I know there are some hard experiences in his life, I have no ability to do something for him. It makes me feel sad.