These words are prepositions. They do not have singular/plural forms. They are words that tell us where or when something is.
Ex:
The cup is ON the table.
The car is parked DOWN the road.
There are a few types of prepositions that can tell us things about the subject:
Prepositions of manner: by, via
Prepositions of amount: about, over
Prepositions of time: before, after, during
Prepositions of direction: towards, throughout, into
Prepositions of place: around, over, behind, in front
Prepositions of cause: because, despite, in spite of