Crying wolf means to act like you are in danger if you really aren't, or in a broader sense, just to tell a lie to get attention. It comes from the fable of the little boy who cried wolf, about a boy who watched sheep, and he would yell that there was a wolf to get people to come rescue him, when there really was no wolf, he just wanted attention and to play a joke on people. He did it so often that over time they stopped believing him, until one day a wolf really did come and he cried "Wolf!" and nobody believed him so nobody came, and all the sheep (and maybe the boy too!) were eaten by the wolf. Basically it is an admonishment not to lie, or else people will not believe you when you tell the truth.

Sir didn't come is correct. If he DID come, you would say "Sir came". Although usually you wouldn't call someone sir in that context. It would be better to say "Mr. Smith (whatever his name is) didn't come"

No, burning and fired are not interchangeable. Fired is not used as an adjective in english meaning on fire. Usually when you say 'fired' in english, it means you were let go from a job. Sometimes you say fired in relation to something being cooked, like clay is fired to make pottery, or a wood-fired grill you cook on. Fired can also mean to use a gun, "I fired the rifle", or referring to a fuel something runs on ("a coal-fired engine"). But it isn't used to mean something on fire or burning.

They are similar, but a diary is usually more personal, something you write to express your thoughts and feelings. A log is not as personal, it just records information, like you might keep a log of how many calories you eat per day or how many minutes you exercise, or hours you study.

If you mean Romans like ancient Rome, they spoke Latin but there were many local dialects of it. Modern day Romans' (people who live in Rome) native language is Italian, but it is common to learn English from an early age in Italy.

We eat a wide variety of foods, hamburgers, hot dogs, french fries, pizza, ice cream, are typical american foods that kids especially like and families might eat for dinner if they don't have much time to cook. Family dinners are bigger, like a roasted chicken or beef roast with potatoes and vegetables like green beans or broccoli. Lunches are usually smaller and simpler, like soup, sandwiches, or a big salad. Breakfasts are usually small like cereal or a bagel or donut. Bigger breakfasts on the weekends might be bacon or sausage, pancakes or toast, and eggs. Mexican food like tacos and burritos are so popular in America that I would almost consider them american foods now. :) Lots of Italian foods like spaghetti and lasagna have also become americanized and are popular here.

Far more important just means that one thing is more important than the other. "It is far more important to find love in life than to make money" The key to means something is necessary to get a certain result. "The key to learning a new language is to study it often." It is necessary to- means you must do something- "It is necessary to study a language daily in order to learn it well" Lasts longer- refers to something lasting for a long time. A 2 hour movie lasts longer than a 30 minute television show. stave- means to keep something from happening. Usually used in the phrase "stave off". "Have small snacks frequently to stave off hunger."