Ботинок - https://images.duckduckgo.com/iu/?u=http%3A%2F%2Fobuvka.net.ua%2Fimages%2FpTBL1-9264532v275.jpg&f=1
Туфля - https://images.duckduckgo.com/iu/?u=http%3A%2F%2Fkatyaburg.ru%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fpictures%2Fmuj-aksess%2Fmodnye_mugskie_tufli_02.jpg&f=1
In another words "Ботинок" is more boot, and "Туфля" is shoe.
Generally, we wear "Ботинок" in winter, when it's cold, and "Туфля" in other seasons.
There are exceptions too.
For example, some representative of subcultures could wear boots in summer. And business man and woman can wear shoes in winter, especially if they have a car.
"Ботинок" is higher then "Туфля", but it's below then woman's high boots.
Ботинок - это зимняя обувь, в туфлях (мн.) ходят обычно летом, весной, осенью.
Бывают исключения из правил, например, некоторые виды сабкультур могут носить ботинки и летом.
И наоборот, деловой человек, который ездит на машине, может одевать туфли зимой.
It's a good question. I'm also thinking what are the correct words associates with this different kinds of shoes in English language. Is google translate right?