You've made a great point about a 4 year old, my son is 4 years old and he just makes mistakes :D Because there are exceptions and he speaks by examples he heard. That's the first point, the second one is that adult native speakers also make mistakes, for example, a common one is about singular of shoes, I hear often "один сандаль" but the correct form is "одна сандалия". Also I remember that we had a topic in school, like, Nouns ending with "ь" are mostly feminine "ночь, дрожь, мышь, дочь", the ones ending with "o" are neutral "окно, облако, молоко", maybe be you can look for these rules. And the last one, I'm studying German and I found these kind of rules with endings of the nouns, I learn new words with an article (you can learn with an adjective in Russian) or I just use an incorrect form :D