Actually in conversions we usually use "个" , it's common used and an oral word. But "名" is more formal and sometimes it has a meaning of respect someone when it refer to introduce others. For example, 1 "我只是个学生罢了" means I am just a student. (in conversion) 2 "Tom是个医生" 3 “Tom是名医生” sentence 3 shows more respect than sentence 2 when introduce Tom. In conclusion： 1、"个" is ok in conversion or some unformal articles 2、"名" shows more respect in oral expressions or articles 3、"名" is more formal and literal than "个"

1. Capture the key words and only write down what your think is important or don't understand. Just as you did in your native language, you can't write every single words your teacher said. By doing this, you don't actually have many words to write, and the most important thing is to understand. 2. It depens on your proficiency. I have the same question just like you when I'm having classes on coursera, "How could American write these long words if they want to focus on the classes?" I don't even know how to spell it! So the key point is not how to write, but if you understand or familiar with these expresses. Good luck!