Hi Ghey! Japanese sentence structure can be very different from the structure used in European languages. As Jack Sakura said, if you compare English and Japanese, the first thing you notice is that while English has: Subject - Verb - Object in Japanese you find: Subject - Object - Verb In other words, the verb always comes last. Japanese language also makes a clear distinction between the subject and the topic of a sentence. To give you a rough idea of what these two terms mean, I can say that the topic is what or who you are talking about, and the subject is the logical subject of the sentence. So the basic pattern is: Topic - Subject - Object - Verb In standard Japanese, topic, subject and object are always marked by a particle that comes after them. Of course, the sentence pattern also depends on the kind of sentence. Let me give you a couple of examples: 1. A is B = A wa B da Ex.: This is a book = Kore (this) wa hon (book) da 2. A is not B = A wa B de wa nai Ex.: This is not a book = Kore wa hon de wa nai 3. Subject Verb Object = Subject/Topic wa Object o Verb Ex.: Ghey studies Japanese = Gheysan wa nihongo (Japanese language) o benkyo suru (study) 4. Topic wa Subject ga Verb/Adjective Ex.: Ghey likes Japan = Gheysan wa, Nihon ga suki (pleasant) da Literally, it means "speaking about Ghey, Japan is pleasant". In other words, "Ghey likes Japan". Ex.: This person is intelligent = Kono hito (this person) wa, atama (head) ga ii (good) Literally, "speaking about this person, the head is good" ! There is much more to say about how these elements are put together to form Japanese sentences, but I hope this brief explanation helps! Arturo