For the first part of your question, the "are you not"/"is he not" isn't more emphatic, it is much more formal. If you were speaking and wanted to make the sentence more emphatic, you'd put the emphasis on the verb: "You ARE stupid, aren't you?" "He IS stubborn, isn't he?" However, for the second part of your question, using the full words to answer a question or to deny a statement is definitely more emphatic. This is particularly true for questions that are statements, asking you to agree or disagree, like your examples above.

(Difficulties) 1) "Do you have any relatives" is more correct. "Have got" is used often, but more commonly in contractions, and isn't totally correct (but people use it all the time): an answer to this question might be "Yes, I've got relatives in Bukhara." 2)"...but the damage was done" would be fine. As to your question - passive infinitive is "to be + infinitive," and is only used in present situations. However, "had been done" is past perfect, and refers to an event happening in a particular time frame. You can replace it with "was done" because that is also in past tense, but simple past. When using "had been done," emphasis is placed on the fact that the damage was done before the man apologized (See how both events happened in the past? First the man splashed paint, then he apologized.) whereas using "was done" just points the damage already being done in the past. I hope that makes sense!

Intimate as a verb means something like to hint delicately, or discreetly.

When someone misbehaves (like a man and woman arguing loudly in a restaurant), we might call it "making a scene," or "creating drama." It implies that someone is acting in a way that is so inappropriate that it is almost theatrical. "Endless scenes and dramas" is a way of saying there were far more incidents and confrontations than just the few listed in the passage.

Good question! I think it depends on context. If you're referencing the Pop Art movement (historical period), it is typically capitalized. All of your examples are referencing it as a movement. It's also suitable to write it as "Pop art" in this context: "I went to see the Pop art exhibition." However, if you're not referencing it as an art movement, you can keep the letters lowercase: "His room is covered in pop art posters." Generally, unless an artistic movement took place during a specific time (Baroque, Renaissance, etc.), you can choose to capitalize or not capitalize, depending on your desired meaning and context. I looked into this a little further, and it's actually quite controversial! See this link, starting at "Art movements, periods, and styles:" http://www.artedit.org/styleguide.htm