There is a difference between "business" and "enterprise". This article can tell you about all the specific difference. http://www.ehow.com/info_7810404_difference-between-corporation-enterprise.html

In this context, "holding a mirror up to" means reflecting, or examining the way business is conducted on Capitol Hill.

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To have a hunch means to have feeling based on your intuition or past experiences. It allows you to make a guess on a certain situation, although the answer may not always be correct.

This definition is from urbandictionary.com "An insult referring to either the stupidity/low intelligence of another, or the uselessness of an idea, remark, or person"

Alot of American prisions allow prisoners to take classes to get their high school education, or take job training classes that they can use once they serve their time in prison.

He means he wasn't much in his role as a parent. This type of saying can be used with other word such as "student". When someone references "student department" they mean their role as as student.

He means he wasn't much in his role as a parent. This type of saying can be used with other word such as "student". When someone references "student department" they mean their role as as student.