This is a difficult question to answer because it will vary from job to job. A janitor is responsible for making sure that a building is kept secure and in good repair. Whether they do the work themselves or whether they are responsible for organising others to do the work depends on the size of the building and which organisation the janitor works for.

Whether someone would take you literally depends on context. If you're talking about passing an exam, they know you're just using it as a figure of speech. But if you were talking about doing something dangerous, like climbing Everest without oxygen, then they might not expect to see you again! :-)

No, "with" would not be right after these words. "By" would be the best word to use. In English you might be upset by what someone had said or a dog might be frightened by a loud noise. Margaret

Yes, you can use it in the plural. Your suggested sentence is absolutely correct.

This question is impossible to answer because we use so many! They also vary from one part of the country to another. One way to pick up casual and colloquial English is to watch British TV or movies or read modern British novels. Then if you find a phrase that you don't understand, you can ask about the meaning here.

A native English speaker would say, "I'm leaving work now" or "I'm going home now." You will hear both and both are correct. "I leave work" or "I go home" are only correct as part of a longer sentence when you are talking about habitual actions, such as, "I leave work at five o'clock" or, "I go home on the bus." "Leaving work" is the way English speakers refer to finishing work for the day. They'd say, "I'm leaving my job," if they were talking about giving up and moving to another job.

There is perhaps a difference between British and American English here. British English doesn't use "gotten" and the original version ("As soon as he had got...") would be considered correct, especially in speech. It also puts the action a little further back into the past and implies that he has climbed in and settled himself before you wish him good morning. "As soon as he got into..." makes the whole action more urgent. The greeting comes while he's still in the process of climbing in -- at least that's how I'd read it in a story.

One of the problems with English is that it happily absorbs words from other languages and it has been doing so for hundreds of years. :) This means that there are a lot of words in English that have very similar meanings. Sometimes they are interchangeable, other times there are subtle differences. In the case of your list, it goes something like this: "Accuse" means to say that someone has done something, eg "She accused him of stealing the necklace." If the police thought that he had done it, they would arrest him and "charge" him with the crime. This means that the thief will have to go to court to defend himself against the charges. (A "charge" is official. Anyone can "accuse" anyone of anything, but only the police can charge you.) If the jury decide that he really has done it, they will "convict" him of the charge. The judge will then decide what the punishment should be and will "sentence" him to 12 months in prison. In prison he will serve his sentence. "Condemn" also means to declare that someone is guilty and must be punished, but in British English it is usually linked with "condemning to death" and is therefore not used by judges, who these days "pass a sentence". It is, however, used informally and you will hear people talking about "condemning" people who have done things they don't approve of. "Doom" used to mean much the same as "condemn", but that meaning is now old fashioned, though you may find it in fantasy novels! It also means "death" or "end". You can say, "He fell to his doom," though people now only use "doom" if they are being humorous. :) The odd one out is "sue". That refers to taking someone to court for something that is not criminal, but could be something like infringing copyright or you can "sue" someone for libel or slander.