This is equivalent to asking, for the Chinese language, "How to use 这，那，的，了，么。。。？“ What kind of response would you expect? It is not so easy to give a comprehensive answer.

Then is used as a time word as in first and then I did this. The others are usually always talking about items or people

then- na shihou Then, we went to a restaurant. that- na ge That cat is very beautiful. (cat is not near) this zi ge This cat is very beautiful (cat is in you arms) these -zi xie These cats are very beatiful. (more than on cat in your arms) those -na xie Those cats are very beautiful (more than one cat, not near)