Sound priciples: - Sound is an adjective, it means that the principle is fundamentally strong. it would withstand scrutiny. spect out.: - Is usually written as 'spec'd out'. It is an abbreviation, but not an obvious one. 'Specifications' is often abbreviated to 'specs'. Usually this term means that the specifications were increased. Example: I bought a new car, but got it spec'd out with the fancy wheels package, electric windows, all the extra options. Social mileage. - bit of a vague term. Depends on the context. Generally refers to an act, or good deed, that will increase the doers reputation. It borrows from 'gas mileage' which means the car gets a better distance from the fuel used. therefore, it means that the person can have an easier life in society, due to their good contribution to society. Withdrawal pains. - The suffering that remains after something is taken away. It could be like a drug addict, who suffers much when drugs are not available. Coalesced. - Literally 'came together'. the gases 'coalesced' and formed a star. Figuratively 'there were many discussions, and suggestions, which coalesced into one great idea'. What's the diference between "Holds" vs "Holds it up". - Holds: Restrains, contained in your hand, or your grasp etc. 'the man held the briefcase in his hand'. 'The man and the woman held each other for a moment (embrace)' - Holds it up: as above, but the holder is lifting the object, perhaps to reach something. 'He picked up the note and held it up for all to see'. It also can mean to delay 'He stood in front of the car in order to hold it up (prevent it from leaving) And "In contrast" vs "In stark contrast". Stark just provides emphasis here. the contrast is very great.