camarade : it depends on the meaning. Parents would speak of "les camarades d'école de mon fils" (so pupils in the same class as their son). I think in some union and maybe in the communist party in France they still call the members camarade. In the meaning friend, we would use "ami" or "pote" very informal salle and dessinatrice are still used. malle probably less, or in expressions, e.g. "se faire la malle" = to leave. But we do not have "malle" anymore, more suitcases so "valises" is ok. As for the pronunciation, indeed, the second form is the formal correct form… in theory, but I guess except in formal presentations (or political speeches) we would use the second form as it's really easier to pronounce, especially for acheter and appeler.

Salut! Je ne suis pas les francaise, mais je pense : [fənɛ:tʀ] [aʃəte] [apəle]