It's a very difficult paragraph you are writing. Very good try. However, if it be written in this formula, the expression will be much better: 

Subject + Verb + Object

When you do this, your translation will not be native, but it will be improved a lot. Let me show you:

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我年轻 (的时候),

I grew up beside the sea.

我（在海边）长大。

It was possible for the weather to be good or bad.

天气（有时候）好，（有时候）坏。

The wind and air was fresh.

（风和）空气（都很）清新。

Everyday the sea's colour told us if the weather was friendly or scary.

（每天）海（用颜色）告诉我们(天气是好还是坏)。

There's no sea and wind here in China,

中国没有海，

but sometimes I'm still scared of the weather.

但我还是怕（这里的）天气。

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I hope my explanation will make you understand a little bit more about the structure of the sentence. If you have any question, pls feel free to contact me. 

我可害怕天气

我可怕天气

我小时候在海边长大，天气时好时坏，但是空气很清新，每天我们可以从海的颜色分辨出天气的好坏。这里没有海，没有风，但有时我还是很讨厌这里的天气。

我可怕天气

我可怕天气

年轻的时候我生活在海边，天气可能时好时坏，风和空气都是清新的。每天大海的颜色会告诉我们天气是和煦的还是恐怖的。我在中国的这个地方虽没有海也没有风，但我仍时时忧心天气。