Nurture, nature and the interaction between them
Whether nature or nurture is more important to human being is a controversial topic. Physicians may believe that our genetic and biological design determine our behaviours and psychological functioning; but a counselor may argue that social environment is more critical to our behaviours and psychological functioning. (Meyer. Dixie; Wood, Sara; Stanley, Bethany, 2013, pp 162) Behaviourists in the twentieth century did argue that human nature is fully mouldable. Watson proclaimed most extremely, that early training can design a child into any kind of adult. (Atkinson, R.L, 1999, PP 70) However, it is truth that now most psychologist agree the important roles of all nature, nurture and the interaction between them during the development. (Atkinson, R.L, 1999, PP 70) Neurobiology, systems theory, attachment theory, attunement and neurobiological development have been researched and study seriously with numerous experiments, and the result support the theory of modern psychologist. (Meyer. Dixie; Wood, Sara; Stanley, Bethany, 2013, pp 162-169) Atkinson also argued that even most innate biological timetables can be affected by environmental events.( Atkinson, R.L, 1999, PP 70) This point are very likely to be true. The human brain is not fully developed at birth. It could be easily manipulated by environmental influence on the brain. Language development could be taken as an example. The language that people speak are shaped by the language they heard most when young. It is because the brain is malleable at that time.( Meyer. Dixie; Wood, Sara; Stanley, Bethany, 2013, pp 164) It is also logical to assume that the biological timetable of speaking could be affected by the strength of the stimuli from environment. In this case, it refer to how often that infants listen to dialogs. According to Atkinson, such research had been done by analyse the massive amount data of American and the San Marcos families. Children reared in San Marcos with less verbal interaction speak later than American. ( Atkinson, R.L, 1999, PP 71) Duel to the substantial research and the numerous supporting theories from both articles, Atkinson's point is very creditable. To conclude, not only both nature and nurture but the interaction between them are all critical to human development. ( Atkinson, R.L, 1999, PP 71)
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