Can any one explain the parts marked with '+'? The concept of the speech community is also somewhat abstract because the particular norms that a community uses may or may not be exclusively linguistic in nature, and along with norms about particular linguistic variables and their social meanings and values, +these norms involve evaluations of ways that language is used as well+. One example of how discourse patterns maybe significant within a speech community is found in Hymes(2004). +He presents analyses of narratives from various native American groups, showing how, even when they are produced in English, there are distinctive features which can be traced back to narrative structures in the Native American languages. in other words, such speakers use English in special ways to maintain their separate identities within the dominant English-speaking community+. Are these two paragraphs trying to convey the same thing? I am confused, I think it tries to say that particular ways of speaking can lead to form certain ideologies. I mean , every speech community has some ideas for themselves, exclusively in terms of how to speak that language. They evaluate and mark other speakers based on their norms if they are not follow them. But I can't understand the next paragraph. Does it want to say the same thing? That every speech community wants to demarcate themselves by special ways of speaking that language?