In everyday speech, "racket," in the context of "to make a racket," is common, and neither formal nor informal. It implies that the noise is fairly loud and irritating. "I used to like the gentle sound of people raking leaves in the fall. Now they use leaf blowers which make a terrible racket." "A clatter" is less common, but still everyday speech, neither formal nor informal. It is less common because it usually means a particular kind of noise. It's onomatopoetic. If you were near a busy kitchen, you would hear the "clatter" of dishes, pots and pans. But if your brake pads were worn and your brakes were squealing, you would not tell the mechanic "my brakes are making a clatter." "Hubbub" and "commotion" are a little more formal, old-fashioned, and literary. "Hubbub" refers specifically to the noise made by a crowd of people. If a crowd of people is quiet, it is "a hush." If a crowd of people is very noisy, it is "a roar." If a crowd of people is all talking loudly at the same time, it is "a hubbub." It is onomatopoetic and is an imitation of what the crowd sounds like. In a play, suppose there is a crowd of people, like diners in a busy restaurant. Suppose director wants the audience to hear the noise of the crowd, but not to be able to distinguish words. He may tell the actors to each say "rhubarb" over and over again--independently, not in rhythm, not at the same time, with vocal variety. "Rhubarb rhubarb. Rhubarb? Rhubarb! RhuBARB! Rhubarb-rhubarb. Rhubarb." "Rhubarb," "hubbub"--same thing. "Commotion" implies the sound of a crowd of people who are upset about something. A "hubbub" can be gentle and comfortable. A "commotion" suggests fear, anger. In a "commotion" some people will be shouting. There may be an argument or a confrontation at the center of it. An authority figure walks in and asks "HEY! What's all the commotion about?"

Clatter is probably the least common of all these words. My mom uses the word commotion a lot, so, for me it is commonly used.....but I don't think it is for other English speakers. Racket and hubhub are used colloquially and much more often than commotion.

commotion is often used racket is used a bit less than commotion but still common clatter, and hubbub´ I'd say much less, this is in US. UK seems almost like another language to me sometimes