"from different arenas" It is a tricky one as the sentence refers to both the geographical and philosophical. It means "from different arenas" of philosophy because the sentence is more concerned about the political/social elements than the physical location of any group. In my opinion the sentence is working too hard and should be split up. This section "from several different corners" seems a bit unnecessary. A reduced version but I am still not happy that it flows: Western Marxists, surrealists in France, Latin America and In the postwar era School theorist Herbert Marcuse in his book Eros and Civilization (1955) — claimed that sexual repression was a negative effect of advanced capitalism in industrialized societies.

The obvious first reaction, given the "all four corners of the earth/world" idiom, is different parts of the world but I think it means from different arenas/viewpoints/different schools of Marxism here.