I believe in this case the word "oriented" means to be informed on what they're supposed to do. It is used to help explain the students' lack of understanding of their surroundings, job, and employer. "What to expect from" is being used to show that the students have entered their job ignorant of what they're supposed to be doing in regards to what their employer or supervisor wants. It's trying to say that the students don't know what their employer or supervisor is going to do for them, and so don't know "what to expect." I hope this helps!

Oftentimes when someone first starts a new job (or a new school), they'll go through a process called "orientation." During orientation, someone familiar with the institution will guide the new person around. They'll show them where things are physically (for example, "Here is your desk." "Here is the cafeteria." "Here is your boss's desk.") They will show the new person standard procedures (for example, "This is how you fill in the forms." "Here's the right way to file ____." "We use this software to do our work." "Every day, you need to build 10 foos." ). They may introduce the new person to their other colleagues. At the end of orientation, the new worker should know enough to begin their job - or know how to find out how to do their job. Because they've gone through the orientation process, that person is "oriented." In your example, the professor is saying that no one has told these young people what to do - they're not oriented. They don't know what their job is, or how to do it, or how to find out how to do it.

I don't know who wrote this, but it's horrible English and clearly not written by a native English speaker. That's the biggest problem. No one talks like this. The word "oriented" does not belong in the sentence I think what the writer was trying to say was "young people aren't trained or prepared to know what their employers or supervisors will expect of them." Does this make more sense? "Oriented" means to lean in or favor some direction, and the word is normally, but not always used figuratively. That's where that expression "sexual orientation" comes from. I don't think I use the word "oriented" very often. You might say, "politically I'm a bit more left that right oriented," which means I favor or lean more towards a left-wing versus right-wing way of thinking, politically.