Yes. A position is more limited. For example, "My position is sitting on the bench, near the fountain of the park", Even tough position is not very used informally. A place is more brand. For example, "Do you remember that place where we ate chicken and it was delicious?". You can't use position correctly here because you do not specify the place where you ate chicken

In the expressions 'in position' and 'in place', the two are similar in meaning : e.g. ' Is everything in position to go ? ' ' Is everything in place to go ? ' both mean ' Is everything ready to go ? '