The answer depends on what your intent was. If you are talking about a past shopping trip to buy chocolate syrup, then the sentence is grammatically correct. But if you and a friend are looking at bottles of chocolate syrup and you are deciding to give some away, then you would say "I have more than I need of chocolate syrup; so feel free to take a bottle." And an English speaker would probably say the sentence (based on your example) "I got more chocolate syrup than I need; so feel free to take a bottle"

It looks quite natural to me. Except I would probably use "have" instead of "got" Got isn't as formal as "have"

yes it is :)