up by a pawn means that a player in chess has one more pawn than his opponent does. the market is up means that the stock market or any other type of market in the global trade has gone up. the corn is up usually means the price of corn has gone up, or someone who grows corn could say the corn has grown.

Gabriel, the market is up... This usually refers to the stock market. It means that the value of stocks has increased. the corn is up...It means that the corn has sprouted, i.e, the corn has started to grow He is up by a pawn...This refers to the game of chess. It means that he has one more pawn on the board than his opponent. He is ahead by one pawn.

Gabriel, Your question should read,"What do these sentences mean?" Then,"What is the meaning of the word "up" in these phrases?" 1. "he is up by a pawn" means he is winning a chess game by capturing one more pawn than his opponent 2."the market is up" means the average of certain stocksin the stock market is higher than it was the day before 3."the corn is up" means you can see that the corn you planted is starting to grow You're welcome.

He is up by a pawn = He is winning by a pawn.

He is up by a pawn means he is an advantage in a game of chess through having one pawn more than his opponent. The market is up would mean the market index is above its opening position. i.e. shares are trading at higher prices. The corn is up could mean many things depending on the context. perhaps it means the corn has grown in the field. or the price of corn has risen. hard to tell.