I guess it's meant to be a noun-clause, if it came from a sentence. So go for "the figures pointed out in the articles" (ie. the figures which are/were pointed out in the articles). The second only makes sense if it's a subjunctive clause: "My boss called me in and demanded that the figures be pointed out in the article". However, I doubt that's what you're looking for. Go for your first option.

"The figures pointed out in the articles" would be correct. I think in the second instance you mean to say "The figures BEING pointed out in the article." The first construction refers to to many different articles, while the second refers to only one article. Both of them make sense, but have different meanings because of the difference in the word "articles" and "article." Of course, the first is plural and the second is singular. I hope this helps.

"the figures pointed out in the articles." is correct the figures = noun pointed out in the articles = qualifier/qualifying phrase **Qualifying phrases NEVER contain a verb in tense form. The verb is ALWAYS gerund or past participle.

It's not a sentence. The seond half is to modify the first word, "figures", which in full is, "the figures (that are) pointed out in the articles."