well, jura answer is quite misleading although not untrue, simply too partial. Levi-strauss is a "father" of structuralism. He developped his ideas from some ideas on the works of F. Sausurre on linguistics and extended them to social sciences having a lot of infuence on how social sciences developped during XX century - until the ascension of post modernism evidenced some lagoons in the structuralist paradigm. It is not easy to tell about Levi-Strauss or structuralism in few lines. I advise you to consult some good encyclopedies or start just in wikipedia structuralism" and follow your intuitions when encountering some concepts.

From Wikipedia: In Structural anthropology, Claude Lévi-Strauss, a French anthropologist, makes the claim that "myth is language". Through approaching mythology as language, Lévi-Strauss suggests that it can be approached the same way as language can be approached by the same structuralist methods used to address language. Lévi-Strauss clarifies, "Myth is language, functioning on an especially high level where meaning succeeds practically at 'taking off' from the linguistic ground on which it keeps rolling." Lévi-Strauss breaks down his argument into three main parts. Meaning is not isolated within the specific fundamental parts of the myth, but rather within the composition of these parts. Although myth and language are of similar categories, language functions differently in myth. Finally, language in myth exhibits more complex functions than in any other linguistic expression. From these suggestions, he draws the conclusion that myth can be broken down into constituent units, and these units are differ from the constituents of language. Finally, unlike the constituents of language, the constituents of a myth, which he labels “mythemes,” function as "bundles of relations.

Thank you for your help Jura, I already read it but I still confused about this theory. Actually, I want to use this theory for my thesis about an inscription. There are some thesis already use this theory, but I'm still confused, I'm afraid if I put this theory in my thesis but I still confused, it will make my thesis not perfect. So, I need to find more explanation about it. I will try again to find some relevant books about this theory. Thank you Josep for your advise, your short explanation really help me.