"Did you" would be used when you are asking about a past action, that could have happened at any time, and may or may not still be affecting the present. "Have you" is present perfect, as Eliot said, which implies an action in the past that still affects the present. ex: "Did you go?" - This is just a basic question about whether or not someone went somewhere at some time. "Have you gone?" This question is asking whether or not someone has the experience of going somewhere, such as, "have you traveled out of the country before?" or "Have you gone to the new restaurant that just opened up yet?" or "Have you gone to the dentist recently?"

The dutch have an exceptional grasp of english. ... Unlike Eliot :D

Did you... = past tense Have you... = present perfect tense. You need to get this.