My favourite 金句 in English is, "Genius is 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration" by Thomas Edison.

From the Collins Dictionary; Use of honorable /honourable 1 adj If you describe people or actions as honourable, you mean that they are good and deserve to be respected and admired. I believe he was an honourable man, dedicated to the people and his union..., However, their intentions are honourable. ♦ honourably adv usu ADV with v He also felt she had not behaved honorably in the leadership election. 2 adj Honourable is used as a title before the names of some members of the nobility, judges, and some other officials. the ADJ n-proper ...the Honourable Mr Justice Swinton Thomas. honourable mention (honourable mentions plural ) in AM, use honorable mention If something that you do in a competition is given an honourable mention, it receives special praise from the judges although it does not actually win a prize

Plenty of them. "Your Honour", "Your Majesty", His Majesty", "The Right Honourable Gentleman", "The Right Honourable Lady", etc. You can hear many of these in parliament, which is aired on the BBC quite frequently.

My first thoughts are "sir" and "ma'am" which convey respect, but as Alex said, it's probably not the same honorific level as in Chinese.

Yes it does but it is not as obvious as other languages.