What does your father do? My father is a doctor. Do is simple present and is understood as what kind of job he has. What does your father work. Work here is a noun it cannot used as a verb in the context of your original question. You will have to rephrase the question. What work does your father do? My father is a doctor.

My father is a doctor What is your father's job or work ? And also we can use What does your father do ?