Hi Abdalrhman, DR Halll’s answer above is good. Depending on the context though, the “black and white” comment might not be a metaphor: it could be referring to a racial divide between people of African and European descent. So if someone’s father were a black man born in South Africa, they could say “My father was born into this world of black and white” as a way of saying that he was born into a very racially segregated society.

Often, "black and white" is used as a metaphor to refer to a mindset of not being able to analyze an idea subtly. That is to say to see the idea as black and white, not grey. It's often used in moral arguments. So for example, consider this conversation: "Stealing is ALWAYS wrong!" "But what if someone is homeless and they will die if they don't eat? Then maybe it's okay to steal." "No it doesn't matter. It's still wrong." We would say that the first person sees the issue as black and white. So your sentence means that your father was born into a world that sees certain ideas (perhaps most ideas) as not open to discussion and not able to be changed.

Picking up on the last point made well by DR Hall, but even simpler, it could mean that things were considered right or wrong, that is a world of strong opinions & widely held accepted norms, rather than referring to an inability to see beyond simple black or white, yes, no, good bad. While connected, these are not quite the same thing.

She is saying that her grandfather started a photographic shop with only black & white photography. Her father was born into this environment, one filled with photography. "Blacks & whites" is a metaphor for photography.