I recommend you learn the sounds from the phonemic alphabet which are used in the accent which you most relate to. Then you will be able to know quickly how to speak a word you see in a dictionary. Look up : http://www.onestopenglish.com/skills/pronunciation/phonemic-chart-and-app/interactive-phonemic-chart-british-english/ and http://www.onestopenglish.com/skills/pronunciation/phonemic-chart-and-app/interactive-phonemic-chart-american-english/

Realistically - the only way is to use a dictionary with a pronunciation guide.

the "e" at the end of a word is always silent unless it is a French word like resumé ( the e is there to change the sound of vowels or consanants in the middle of the word) the "h" that is next to "wh" at the beginning of a word is always silent (when= wen) the "h" in hour is silent " gh" in through borough