If I understand your question, one way to know a person better is by asking questions. For instance if you are having a talk about the language you can ask why do you want to learn English or Arab or Turkish. Where are you from? What do you do? Have you traveled? For how long have you been studying the target language? Etc. You can ask many things to know a person, just as when you meet someone for the first time. I hope this can help you a bit.

Saying something like : Hello, how are you going ? You don't have any rule to say hello, hello only mean hello.