Hi Gusti, First thing: "he" is third person, so "have" becomes "has". You only need to change verbs for he/she/it (usually), and only in present tense. :) "He has driven" = he drove (past event), which refers to his current situation. Maybe he is tired now, because he has driven far. "He had driven" = this happened before another past event. When you saw him he was tired, because he had driven far. For the continuous form (to be ...ing), imagine the action happened for a length of time. "He has been driving" = he started driving some time in the past, and is still driving now. "He had been driving" = same rule as "he had driven". This happened before another past event. "My friend crashed his car. He had been driving recklessly."

May I suggest that you google http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/presentperfect.html. The variations in describing time is in context of language. It is unlikely a person would have presence of mind to use perfect usage when speaking to someone. However, when you are writing or speaking formally these variations of time are important because they are related to other words in the sentence. I suspect the differences in time expressed through verbs does not occur in Bahasa Indonesia.

he have driven he had driven he have been driving he had been driving 首先明确他们分别是现在完成时，过去完成时，现在完成进行时，和过去完成进行时。 可以大致翻译为： 他开过那辆车（可能刚刚结束也可能继续开） 他曾经开过那辆车（在过去时间点内开始的动作已完成） 他一直在开那辆车来着（可能结束可能继续但是强调动作延续性或者现阶段重复的开） 从前他一直开着那辆车 （在过去时间点内动作在继续强调延续性） 对比下 现在完成时表示状态强调动作，强调结果对现在的影响一般有时间段。 过去完成时强调动作，强调结果对过去的影响特别是过去的过去一般有过去的标志作对比。 现在完成进行时强调过程，强调延续性或者现阶段的重复动作。 过去完成进行时强调过程，强调在过去的延续性有可能未完成或是过去的重复动作。 更多参考如下： http://wenku.baidu.com/view/0155a5fe700abb68a982fb5f.html http://baike.baidu.com/view/191047.htm http://baike.baidu.com/view/201153.htm