Do these sound natural?

(1) If you generalize, then don't use "the" (hence, it means "society in general"). If you have a particular social group in mind, then use "the" (definite articule to "define" which social group if you are referring to... which must be known, of course)
(2) to "win back" means "to get back something you lost"; whereas "win over" means "to persuade, after the original opposition of it". Since you are talking about an opposition, "win over" is a better choice, but you can still keep "back" as you mean "to persuade the audience back".

In written language I prefer "proper works" over "phrasal verbs" because it enriches vocabulary. Spoken, it is better to use phrasal verbs as they are more concise and can convey a number of things depending on the context.

Mostly, yes, they do sound natural.

"Don't trust anyone over 30" was the saying motto young people were following ascribing to at that time.

(Your word choice isn't wrong, but the words I've added in are more 'academic' or found in essays)

In these films, typically protagonists are relatively young and try trying to achieve something by rebelling against the society or authority or THE adults around them.

The American film industry finally figured out  a way to win the audienceS  (plural )back to their films.