Describing how to make cement and concrete The diagrams demonstrate the way in which cement is made, and how it is used in concrete-making process. In terms of cement production, limestone and clay undergoes four stages before being processed into cement. It is, then, mixed up with other three ingredients, water, sand and gravel, to produce concrete by means of concrete mixer. In the first stage of making cement, limestone and clay are ground up into powder by a crusher. Next, the ingredients in powder form are merged in a mixer first and them heated up in a rotating heater. The resulting mixture is ground again to make cement, and the final product is put into bags before it undergoes further proceeding procedures. According to the second diagram, concrete comprises of cement(25%), water (10%), sands (10%) and gravel, which makes up half of the ingredients used. In the process of making concrete, they are poured into a concrete mixer, which combines different types of ingredients into concrete by rotating continuously.