Changes in Spain.

To begin with, in the last years immigration in Spain has undergone considerable changes. This can be explained by a number of reasons including its geographical position, the large size of its underground economy and the strength of the agricultural and construction sectors which demand more low cost labour than can be offered by the national workforce. While in 1981 the number of foreign workers in Spain was 198,042 corresponding to 0.52% of total population, in 2011 it had increased to 5,730,667 , and at the moment Spain has around 4,676,022 foreign ; this decrease is due to many things, among them the economic crisis facts like the crisis in the country. The foreign population is usually located in zones with the largest economic growth dynamism. Therefore, the places in Spain with the greatest amount of immigrants are Madrid, Barcelona and Alicante. The geographic distribution of the foreign workers in Spain also depends on their nationality. For example, Madrid and Catalonia mostly have foreign from Latin America and Africa, Moroccans are more numerous in Catalonia and Andalusia, and a 75.51% of the Pakistanis that are in Spain live in Catalonia. Most of the British are located in Alicante and Malaga; the Germans, on the other hand are in the Balearic Islands and Canary Islands. In Spain the majority of foreign workers come from Ibero-America, more principally from Ecuador, Colombia, Argentina, Dominican Republic, Bolivia, Peru, and Brazil; they come too from other countries in Europe such as Romania , United Kingdom, Germany, Italy, Bulgaria, Ukraine, France, Portugal, and the Netherlands. In addition they are from Africa , especially Morocco and Algeria in North Africa, and  Senegal and Nigeria as well. Some come from the Far East, especially China. The consequences of immigration in Spain have been demographic, economic, sociocultural, and linguistic. The demographic consequences are the most remarkable since the country has experienced an increase in number of population, from 1998 to 2005 close to 4,260,000 people had decided to emigrate to Spain. In addition, the birth rate has grown in the same way as the younger population has done.The economic consequences imply an increase in the affiliation ??? to the social security, because of the increase of the number of people of working age. The arrival of foreign workers has also contributed to an increase in the Gross domestic product (GDP) between 2000 and 2005. However, the immigration has also been correlated with negative economic consequences considering that the salary of the Spanish population not only hasn't increased, but decreased.

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