Please revise my report , Part3
Part Ⅳ: Third Stage 1995-2002
China’s policy changed a higher degree of acceptance and participation, and creating a preliminarily law-based export control system. For example, China signed in CTBT(in 1996) and ZAC(in 1997). Major military corporations were organized into ten enterprise groups. Moreover, legal framework also changed to cooperate with Western countries. In this stage, China embraced the international nonproliferation export control regimes with a higher degree and began to issue regulate its domestic exporters. The year 1995 is a remarkable year in Chinese export control history. First reason is that the publication of chemical-weapons export control regulations represented the Chinese government’s first attempt to permanently and transparently codify any aspect of its strategic trade controls. Second reason is that the unsafeguarded transfer of about 5000 ring magnets in 1994 and 1995 to the Research Laboratory in Kahuta. The unauthorized transfer appears to have given Chinese government pause. The incident also showed China that its traditional approach to export controls no longer sufficed for an age of expanding international interaction, devolved production and export decision making and an increasingly private and freewheeling economy. Central control and opaque administrative decrees could not keep pace with more fluid environment. And the 1995 white paper highlighted China’s international nonproliferation commitments-including NPT, IAEA. Chinese transfer of WMD-sensitive materials and technology greatly diminished after 1995. China published some papers and announced policies of arms control. But these announcements indicated a Chinese leadership increasingly cognizant of the value of exposing international nonproliferation norms. In 2002, China regulated some new policies. The new regulations brought Chinese export control regulations into effective compliance with the guidelines and control lists of AG, NSG and MTCR.
PartⅤ: Stage 4, 2002-present
China’s constructive engagement with multilateral export control was increasing and more and more deeply involved in nonproliferation export control conferences and discussions with many countries such as US, French, Germany, Japan and so on. Moreover China established a law-based comprehensive export control system so as to internalize its treaty obligations.
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