toefl小作文 The listening material is a lecture whose speaker deems 3 cuases refering in the reading passage about the transition from cottage industry to the factory industry are flawed.The following are the arguments why the speaker doubts the points in the reading material. The first cause pointing out in the reading passage is the advances in technology.But the speaker thinks it is not a major cause.As in the early stage of industralization they would rather hire more workers rather than use machine to their productivity.In addtion , at that time, the steam engines are still in an experimental period ,it can't boom the cottage industry, even switch it into the factory industry. The second cause is not necessarily convincy.Though in the reading passage, it refers to that the establishment of a stronger legal protection for private property has been build, it can not replace cottage production into factory industry.Accurately, the lecturer tells this kind of right is popular in Europe, in the case of Holland, nevertheless, it still cannot phase out the mass production . Finally, it might be possible in the reading to argue the move switching from cottage production to factory production was stimuliated by the wish to the reduction of costs. In fact, centralized production might rarther raise the expense. For futher demonstrating, the speaker point out that the dollar spending on land ,building and supervision would be more.So it is really questionable to say the desire drives the switch.