Part IV of my music history paper （about chinese elements in western music） What is the first-time when western people heard a Chinese melody? It is impossible to give a satisfying answer. However, in one cave from Tang Dynasty (which is about 1500 years before present) at Mogao Caves (also known as Caves of the Thousand Buddhas), Archaeologist found transcripts of Nestorianism hymns and chants with Chinese translation. It is reasonable to suspect, the person who bring those transcripts to china should have chance to hear localized Buddhist chants in such a Sinicized Buddhist sanctuary. However, if ask what the most popular Chinese melody in western classic music is. The answer could only be Mo Li Hua (The Jasmine Flower). This is a Chinese folk song came from my hometown Jiangsu province and dated back to 18th century in Qing Dynasty. You can find it in Puccini’s Turandot, in Arensky’s Etude sur un Thème Chinois and in 2015’s film Mission: Impossible - Rogue Nation. It must be admitted that a folk melody from my hometown, which obtain such an international reputation, must gave credit to Puccini and his opera. The lavish business of opera is standing on top of classic music’s hierarchies , before the prosperity of film industry, this genre had no huge difference with today’s Hollywood movies in terms of popularization. However, Puccini is not the first composer to compose music for Princess Turandot. The script of Turandot originated from a French translation of a collection of Arabic stories in early 18th century, under the name of Les mille et une Nuits. According to Kii-Ming Lo's study, even in 19th century, there were at least five composers had already composed operas for that story. However, Puccini's Turandot was completed by his students in 1926. This is 14 years later since the Republic of China replaced the monarchy Qing Dynasty and just one year before the foundation of the first Chinese Occidentalized conservatory in Shanghai. For Puccini and his contemporaries, it is not a mission impossible to get a melody from China. Besides Puccini’s and his peers, what about other composers, especially for those who active in 18th and 19th centuries? What musical resources they had, if they want to add some oriental taste for their cold-hearted Chinese princess?