Persian literature

Persian language and literature spread centuries ago to distant lands like India and China, Mesopotamia and the Mediterranean coast and prevailed. But the last two centuries has led to changes in many areas, such as Pakistan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan and India, which caused great differences in the structure of the language, vocabulary, pronunciation and species (?).

-I was not entirely clear about the meaning of some parts, so I hope I didn;t change your original meaning. I had no guess for what you meant by "species" though.

Persian literature

Persian language and literature spread centuries ago to distant lands such as India, China, Mesopotamia, and the Mediterranean coast, where the language prevailed. However,the last two centuries has led to changes in many areas such as Pakistan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, and India, where great differences in the structure of the language, vocabulary, pronunciation, and species have developed.

(I think I kept the original meaning of this. If not, I tried my best to convey what I thought you were trying to say :P)