Diary

Saturday, February 18th 2012, was windy and cold. 
I've got a terrible cold because I didn't follow my wife's advice. I went out with only one shirt and a coat when the temperature outside was three degrees below zero. My wife said that I deserved it.I will never go outside with too little clothes.

You can also say:

-I have a terrible cold...

-I got a terrible cold...

("I have got" sounds awkward so it's better to contract it to "I've got")

Advise is a verb. -tell a suggestion

Advice is a noun. -suggestion

shirt. I don't think you wear a skirt. haha

"Outdoor temperature" is correct but "temperature outside..." sounds more casual, since this is a diary entry.

Diary

Saturday, February 18th 2012. Windy and cold.

 
I have got a terrible cold because I have not didn't accept my wife's advice ,which gone out and went out with only one shirt and coat and when the outdoor temperature was three degrees below zero. My wife said that I deserved it. I will never go outside with little clothes again with so few clothes (or not enough clothes).

Good work!!!

"accept advice" is very formal. 

"take advice" is more natural-sounding.